What is the difference between a dock and a wharf?

The waterfront is vital for maritime transportation, commerce, and recreation. Dock and wharf are two of the most common terms used to describe these structures. Docks and wharves, while often used interchangeably, are quite different from one another in terms of their design, function, and use. Understanding the difference between the two will help you clarify discussions about marine infrastructure, and improve your coastal terminology.

Definition of Dock

Dock is the structure or area where boats or ships are docked, unloaded, or loaded. The term is used to describe the space in the water where the vessel is placed, as well as the physical structure that provides access to it. Docks can be found in marinas, waterfront houses, commercial harbors and shipyards.

Docks are available in two main types:

• Docks or wet docks are enclosed water areas where ships can float. These docks can be either tidal, or non-tidal. They are designed to keep a constant water level.
• Dry docks are special facilities that are used to construct, maintain, or repair ships. The dock is drained of water so that the vessel can rest on a dry platform and be worked on.

The term dock is used in residential and recreational settings to describe the structure that extends into the water from the land, allowing boats to be tethered or accessed.

Definition of a wharf

A wharf, or large flat structure, is built along the shoreline, or extends into the water. Ships can dock here to unload or load cargo. A wharf, unlike a dock which is a simple, small structure, is usually much larger. It can accommodate several vessels at once.

In commercial ports and industrial waterfronts, wharves are common. The heavy materials used to build them, such as steel, concrete or wood, are designed to support large machines and cargo. For efficient cargo transportation, Wharves can be connected to railways, roads, and warehouses.

Some wharves have multiple docking zones, making them an important hub for maritime logistics and trade.

The Differences between a Dock and Wharf

1. Use and Function
   • Docks are primarily used to moor and access vessels for recreational, repair or loading purposes.
   • A wharf can be defined as a large commercial structure that is designed to load and unload goods or passengers in a more efficient manner.
2. Size and Scale
   • Small or medium docks are often used to support one or two vessels.
   • The majority of wharves are large structures that can accommodate multiple ships as well as heavy cargo operations.
3. Construction and Design
   • Docks can be fixed or floating and made of wood or aluminum.
   • The majority of wharves are permanent structures that are made up of heavy materials such as reinforced concrete or steel.
4. Location
   • Docks are located in private properties, marinas or small harbors.
   • The majority of wharves can be found at industrial or commercial port and shipping terminals.
5. Terms and context
   • In everyday conversation, the term “docks” can be used to describe a wide range of small structures.
   • The term “wharf” is formal and reserved for large-scale maritime facilities, especially in the trade and shipping industry.

Docks and wharves are both used to connect watercraft to the shore but they differ in their purpose, size and construction. Docks are generally smaller, and they can be used for recreational or commercial activities. A wharf is a permanent, large structure that supports the movement of people and goods in busy ports.

Understanding the differences between a wharf and a dock not only enhances communication within maritime contexts, but also helps to deepen appreciation of the infrastructure which supports global trade, travel and recreational activities on the water.

This post was written by a professional at Supreme Marine Floating Docks. Supreme Marine Floating Docks is dedicated to providing top-quality floating docks and marine accessories that combine durability, innovation, and superior performance. While we are a new brand, our team brings over 50 years of combined industry experience, making us a trusted name in the marine world. We are passionate about designing and delivering products that meet the highest standards, ensuring reliability and longevity in all marine environments. Whether for residential, commercial, marina docks Palm Beach, our docks are crafted with precision and care, setting a new benchmark in the industry. At Supreme Marine, we don’t just build docks—we create lasting solutions.